Ichthyosis is a genetic mutation found in dogs that affects the epidermis layer of the skin. Thankfully, it is not very common. This mutation prevents the outermost layer of skin from developing as it should. The name ichthyosis is derived from the Greek word for fish (ichthys), because the flaky skin resembles scales of a fish.
Dr. E Mauldin says: “The stratum corneum (SC), the outermost layer of the epidermis, serves a crucial role in maintaining body hydration and protection from environmental insults. When the stratum corneum is injured or when the genetic blueprints are flawed, the body is at risk of dehydration, secondary infections and allergen sensitization.”
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Ichthyosis in Dogs Symptoms
Studies that have been performed on this subject show that dogs are typically diagnosed at under a year of age as they primarily start showing symptoms from a very young age.
Symptoms to look out for are:
- abnormal skin that is scale like and rough in texture
- itchy and irritable skin
- thickened patches of skin and even thickened foot pads
- inflammation of the skin (reddened)
- scales can progress to grey or black in colour
The scales may give the affected dogs coat and skin a dirty appearance.
A diagnosis can only be confirmed by your veterinarian examining your dog and often this entails a skin biopsy being sent away for genetic testing. If you spend long periods of time away from home during the day a Petcube Camera is a worthwhile investment to keep an eye on your dog and see if they are scratching in any new areas while you are away.
Ichthyosis in Golden Retrievers
Research into this disease has shown that ichthyosis as a genetic skin disorder is most often recognized in Golden Retrievers. There are other commonly affected breeds such as the Great Dane, West Highland White Terrier, American Bulldog and Jack Russel Terriers.
Dr. Z Malinovská and Dr. E Čonková say: “Golden Retrievers ichthyosis belongs to autosomal recessive inherited diseases.”
Ichthyosis in Dogs Treatment
Once a dog is diagnosed with ichthyosis the symptoms can be managed with frequent combing, medicated shampoos and medicated ointments to help with the itching, and to protect the body against excessive water loss. A good quality diet that contains the correct balance of omega fatty acids will most likely be recommended by your veterinarian. Take note that there is no cure for this disease and symptoms can only be alleviated.
After a study was performed on 16 golden retrievers suffering from ichthyosis Dr. A Puigdemon said: “The frequent use of a shampoo and lotion containing gluconolactone may be an effective measure to improve skin scaling in golden retrievers with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis.”
An Emergency Fund is recommended for all your pets as you can consult with a veterinarian online as soon as you notice any of the symptoms mentioned above. This disease does progress with age and some dogs are euthanized due to poor quality of life when the disease becomes unmanageable.
Conclusion
Unfortunately, ichthyosis falls into the category of incurable diseases. The current treatments available through your veterinarian can only help to suppress or alleviate the symptoms of the disease and help to maintain quality of life.
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